It is noteworthy that of all the results of research found only three investigations were conducted with institutionalized elderly 7, 22, 23 ) perhaps showing the need to work with this specific population. In Cartagena, Melguizo 22 found that 47% of the residents in Social Protection Centers (SPC) of the city, in 2009, had some degree of cognitive impairment, showing association with age. 21Īlso, it is concluded that implementing permanent and ongoing in time programs and periodic monitoring of inputs and results in the higher cognitive abilities of patients plays an important role in order to be able to maintain these skills and slow the cognitive impairment. 15 This is consistent with the approach on the axes of therapeutic intervention proposed in gerontology: axe I, physico functional skills axis axis II, cognitive skills and axis III, creativity, social relationships and emotional well-being. It is also noted that group interventions were shown to be more beneficial than the individuals. The results allow us to see that there has been improvement in terms of social and communicative relationships, depressive symptoms and interest in therapeutic intervention routines, apart from the cognitive processes. In Colombia there has been work on cognitive stimulation of elderly with conditions already apparent and not from the precautionary approach most studies have moved forward with institutionalized people and using the mini-mental as one of the tools most commonly used in cognitive assessment. 9 Also, studies in Mexico, found that 5.6% had some degree of deterioration 10 ) and in Argentina 9.1% of the participants showed a mild impairment in cognitive functionality of amnesic type. 7 In Cuba, two studies were found: one reported that 9.4% of the elderly participants in the study showed decline in cognitive functionality 8 and the other showed a decline of 13.8%. Studies show that in Chile, only 59% of the elderly who participated in a study had an intact cognitive functionality 6 ) and in Spain a 79.8%. ( 4 Generally, this is evident in some minor difficulties presented slow and progressively in time 5 and has a negative impact on the quality of life, so it is appropriate to create a program that gives appropriate and favorable stimulation. Throughout life there might be a cognitive deficit and it is the family and the person itself who initially define whether or not the changes are pathological and seek for support. That is, they allow the typically human features: being social and intelligent. The importance of cognitive functionality is that it allows carrying out daily activities (talk, prepare a cup of coffee or handle money) and more complex tasks (reading, find the best solution to a problem or learn a musical instrument). One of these capabilities is the cognitive functionality, composed by all of the higher mental skills: ( 5 Memory, the ability to retain and recall previously acquired ideas ( 5 abstract reasoning or calculation, the ability to write, read, understand numbers and perform arithmetic functions ( 5 orientation, it "refers to knowledge of personal identity and present circumstances", such as personal identification data, space and time and general information, which includes data "of the salient events of the time." ( 5
( 4 That is, the capabilities of the person deteriorate.
Manual de geriatria para residentes pdf series#
With age appears a series of events that, taken together, could hinder the psycho-social balance, hinder maintain harmony with oneself and the environment. 1 In Colombia, elderly is a person who is 60 years of age or older 2 and it is shown that 9.88% of the population is at this stage of the vital cycle.
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